I have started using git and here are some of my frequently used commands.
git clone http://path/to/repo.git # Retrieve a repo for work (auto checkout master branch into WorkingDir)
git init # Create new repository for work (auto checkout master branch into WorkingDir)
git init --bare # Create new repository without WorkingDir - bare repo for server share only
git status # Print current status of the repo
git branch -a # List of all branches (including remote branches)
git tag # List of all tags
git log -3 # Show last 3 commits
git log -30 --oneline # Show last 30 commits one per line
git log --decorate --graph --format='%h %an %s' # Show all log messages one per line in a graph
git log --reverse |head # Show first commit message
git show --stat <sha1> # Show what files changed on a commit
git diff # Show diff all files between Index and WorkingDir
git diff readme.md # Show diff of a file against Index
git diff master..topic # Show diff between two branches
git checkout -b topic # Create a new topic branch and set as current branch
(New branch starts from previous checkout branch)
git checkout -b topic origin/topic # Create a new topic branch and set as current branch
(New branch starts from origin/topic "remote" branch)
git branch --move topicA topicB # Rename a branch
git branch -d topic # Delete a branch (use -D to force it)
git checkout master # Switch to master branch and set as current branch
git merge topic # Merge changes from topic branch onto current branch
git add . # Add files to Index
git add readme.md # Add one file to Index
git add -A # Add everything to Index
git commit -m 'topic: my change' # Commit Index changes
git mv oldfile.md newfile.md # Rename a file
git rm outdated.md # Remove a file from Index and WorkingDir
git rm --cached outdated.md # Remove a file from Index only (leave it in WorkingDir)
git remote add origin http://path/to/repo.git # Setup remote repository
git remote set-url origin http://path/to/repo.git # Update remote repository
git remote -v # List remote repositories
git push --set-upstream origin topic # Push branch to remote first time
git push # Push branch to remote second time
git push --all # Push all the branches to remote!
git push origin :topic # Push and DELETE the remote branch!
git pull # Fetch and merge the "auto tracked remote" branch onto current branch
git fetch # Fetch only the "auto tracked remote" branch onto current branch
git checkout # Restore WorkingDir from Index (will not override local modified files!)
git checkout -- readme.md # Restore a single WorkingDir file from Index
git reset # Reset the HEAD and Index (same as --mixed)
git reset --soft # Reset the HEAD only
git reset --hard # Reset the HEAD, Index and WorkingDir!
git reflog # Inpect any recent transactions and can be use to recover lost (unnamed) commits
git stash # Put away all pending changes
git stash pop # Bring back all pending changes
git stash list # List all stashes
